Syria’s Shia community is seeking to preserve positive relations with the new state leadership following the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime, after years of drawing closer to Iran both religiously and militarily.

Activists have warned that groups like Allahiyah, led by Iran-backed Abdul Ali, can easily attract disillusioned youth to their cause, stressing the urgency for the government to address the conditions fueling its rise.

After Assad’s fall, Iranian-backed militias like Zainabiyoun and Fatemiyoun moved to Iraq, raising concerns about their long-term presence and regional security.

Amid U.S. pressure, Iraq seeks to dismantle militias while balancing regional and political dynamics, with Iran's involvement shaping future elections.